Trapping:
A print phenomenon. describes how well printing inks bond to each other. Printing inks printed on top of each other wet-on-wet don't bond 100%.
choke:b
When the background is shrunk to avoid misregitration. also see trapping.
spread:
bleeding:
When two colors bleed into each other, i.e. they mix, it is called bleeding. It is problem especially pertaining to ink from ink-jet printers. To avoid bleeding, it is necessary that the ink dries fast.
Duotone:
A grayscale image printed with two printing inks instead of one. If you want to reproduce fine details in a black ad white image, make it a softer or tint it a color other than pure black, you used duotones. You usually print with black plus one spot color of your choice.
Tritone:
Quadtone:
Opacity:
ICC:
international Color Consortium, a group of soft-and hardware manufacturers in the graphic industry working to find a common color management standard.
Profile:
Each apparatus in the production process has its strong and weak sides. Those characteristics can be measured and stored in profiles by using a color management progra.
CMM:
Gamut:
Metamerism:
When two colors that look identical in a particular light look completely different in another.
brightness:
The intensity of colors, also called luminance.
Densitometer:
An instrument used to measure different printing parameters, for example dot gain and fll tone density. Available both for measuring film and relective surfaces.
CIE-LAB:
Color model based on a standard observer. The human perception of color is described with three sensitivity curves called tristimulus values.
postscript:
A page description language from adobe, standard for graphic outputs.
Basis weight:
Grain direction:
has to dowith the direction the paper's grain is going ( i think).
DPI:
Work & Turn:
pages are fliped from side to side
Work & Tumble:
pages are fliped end to end
OPI:
ASCII:
Binary:
Dumy:
A test sample of an imposition, a binding or a complete printed product. It is usually hand made.
August 11, 2005
Vocabulary List
List 1
Aperture:
an opening of light often in an optical system. For xample the value of the aperture determines the size of the opening in a amera that lets in light during exposure.
bit-depth:
A measurement of the number of colors a pixel in a digital image can assume; states how many bits each pixel is stored with. The more bits per color the higher bit-depth, the more possible colors. A regualr RGB-image has 3x8 bits =24 bits.
halftone dot:
The smallest unit that a screen consists of. all tones in print, both photgraphs and illustrations, are based on halftone dots.
halftone rosette:
Halftone screen phenomenon. many halftone dots form a circular pattern in the print which might be perceived as distracting.
continuous tone:
Tones with even, soft tonal transitions that don't consist of obvious tonal steps, asin the photography.
density:
A measure of the tonal range in a particular base material, for example the tonal range in four colors on a certain kind of paper or the tonal range in an original slide.
dot gain:
A measurement of the change in size of the halftone dot from film to print. Measured in percent.
contrast:
Difference in tone. an image with high contrast has a great difference in tone between the dark and bright areas.
hue:
Saturation:
tone range:
The same thing s density range. The magnitude of tones that can be created in a certain type of medium.
Opacity:
Engraving:
Technology for producing gravure pritns using physical pressure and a diamond-tipped head to create halftone wells.
etching:
Moire:
A screen phenomenon visible as distracting interference patterns in images and tint areas. a similar phenomenon occurs on T, for example when somoen is wearing a checkered suit.
Imposition:
Raster images:
pixals
Vector graphics;
Images based on contours of short, straight lines. Was previously used for fonts. The term is sometimes erroneously used for object graphics or bezier curves.
interpolation:
Technique for re-calculating informtaion in a digital image, for example when changing the resolution or rotating an image.
lLine art:
Line art are images that only consist of surfaces in full color or no color at all. The pixels in the image are either black or white.
overprint:
When, for example, a text is printed on a tint area and the colors of the two objects mix. The opposite phenomenon, in which the colors of the objects are not mixed is called knockout.
Process Color:
The colors you print with, usually CMYK
color bar:
a special color bar added when imposing and printing. you check the different printing parameters in the different fields of the color bar.
ink registration:
When all printing inks are situated correctly in relation to each other, for example component colors in a four-color print run or the inks on the recto and verso.
registration mark:
1 - A special registration makr on the print necessary to print the component colors of a multi-color print on top of each other as precisely as possible.
2- Term for all registration makrs and crop marks in the QuarkX-Press dialogue box for printout.
Bleed:
1 - Images or objects that are supposed to run all the way to the paper edge has to be printed with bleeds, i.e. be placed a bit overside the page format, around 5mm.
2 - images or objects placed across a two-page spread are called crossover bleeds. watch out when bleeds cross-over two separate sheets.
Bleed mark:
spot color:
printing inks of special colors, for example from the PMS system. Are generally used as a complement to black orto achieve an exact color four-color inks cannot provide. Are mixed according to a recipe.
stochastic screenb:
A screen method with varying distance between the halftone dots instead of size. also called FM screening.
xerography:
A dry printing process that ses the attracive forces of electric charges to transfer toner to paper. In used in copy machines and laser printers.
intaglio:
relief:
Planographic:
Offset Printing:
Aperture:
an opening of light often in an optical system. For xample the value of the aperture determines the size of the opening in a amera that lets in light during exposure.
bit-depth:
A measurement of the number of colors a pixel in a digital image can assume; states how many bits each pixel is stored with. The more bits per color the higher bit-depth, the more possible colors. A regualr RGB-image has 3x8 bits =24 bits.
halftone dot:
The smallest unit that a screen consists of. all tones in print, both photgraphs and illustrations, are based on halftone dots.
halftone rosette:
Halftone screen phenomenon. many halftone dots form a circular pattern in the print which might be perceived as distracting.
continuous tone:
Tones with even, soft tonal transitions that don't consist of obvious tonal steps, asin the photography.
density:
A measure of the tonal range in a particular base material, for example the tonal range in four colors on a certain kind of paper or the tonal range in an original slide.
dot gain:
A measurement of the change in size of the halftone dot from film to print. Measured in percent.
contrast:
Difference in tone. an image with high contrast has a great difference in tone between the dark and bright areas.
hue:
Saturation:
tone range:
The same thing s density range. The magnitude of tones that can be created in a certain type of medium.
Opacity:
Engraving:
Technology for producing gravure pritns using physical pressure and a diamond-tipped head to create halftone wells.
etching:
Moire:
A screen phenomenon visible as distracting interference patterns in images and tint areas. a similar phenomenon occurs on T, for example when somoen is wearing a checkered suit.
Imposition:
Raster images:
pixals
Vector graphics;
Images based on contours of short, straight lines. Was previously used for fonts. The term is sometimes erroneously used for object graphics or bezier curves.
interpolation:
Technique for re-calculating informtaion in a digital image, for example when changing the resolution or rotating an image.
lLine art:
Line art are images that only consist of surfaces in full color or no color at all. The pixels in the image are either black or white.
overprint:
When, for example, a text is printed on a tint area and the colors of the two objects mix. The opposite phenomenon, in which the colors of the objects are not mixed is called knockout.
Process Color:
The colors you print with, usually CMYK
color bar:
a special color bar added when imposing and printing. you check the different printing parameters in the different fields of the color bar.
ink registration:
When all printing inks are situated correctly in relation to each other, for example component colors in a four-color print run or the inks on the recto and verso.
registration mark:
1 - A special registration makr on the print necessary to print the component colors of a multi-color print on top of each other as precisely as possible.
2- Term for all registration makrs and crop marks in the QuarkX-Press dialogue box for printout.
Bleed:
1 - Images or objects that are supposed to run all the way to the paper edge has to be printed with bleeds, i.e. be placed a bit overside the page format, around 5mm.
2 - images or objects placed across a two-page spread are called crossover bleeds. watch out when bleeds cross-over two separate sheets.
Bleed mark:
spot color:
printing inks of special colors, for example from the PMS system. Are generally used as a complement to black orto achieve an exact color four-color inks cannot provide. Are mixed according to a recipe.
stochastic screenb:
A screen method with varying distance between the halftone dots instead of size. also called FM screening.
xerography:
A dry printing process that ses the attracive forces of electric charges to transfer toner to paper. In used in copy machines and laser printers.
intaglio:
relief:
Planographic:
Offset Printing:
July 14, 2005
Adv. Print Production 7/15/05
Dale Gronso
http://courses.dgronso.net/gd493
dgronso@aii.edu
Can meet in the a.m. and all day Monday.
On website there is a referance page.
Printing Process:
Digital - xerographic (toner - dry or wet), Inkjet ( ex. direct mal), dye sublimation (solid - gas - solid process)
Screen - Stencil and photo emulsion
Off set - Planographic (lithography) - most common (ink & water don't mix theory, of a surface with a substance that attracts and deflects ink)
Raised - Letterpress - (raised surface, lead type)
flexography - (big rubber stamp) good for plastic bags
Intaglio - works like a copper etching (gravier - embading the image)
PPI - pixal Per in - "screen" resolution
DPI - Dos per in - physical measurement (hardware - printers)
LPI - Lines per inch - Halftone density
Resolution - pixal density
300 = "continuous Tone Art"
600 = B&W lineart (either black or white no gray tones)
Roset is the pattern that is created when you use a 4 (c,m,y,b) process
Stochastic screening - inkjet printers - random ink patterns
http://courses.dgronso.net/gd493
dgronso@aii.edu
Can meet in the a.m. and all day Monday.
On website there is a referance page.
Printing Process:
Digital - xerographic (toner - dry or wet), Inkjet ( ex. direct mal), dye sublimation (solid - gas - solid process)
Screen - Stencil and photo emulsion
Off set - Planographic (lithography) - most common (ink & water don't mix theory, of a surface with a substance that attracts and deflects ink)
Raised - Letterpress - (raised surface, lead type)
flexography - (big rubber stamp) good for plastic bags
Intaglio - works like a copper etching (gravier - embading the image)
PPI - pixal Per in - "screen" resolution
DPI - Dos per in - physical measurement (hardware - printers)
LPI - Lines per inch - Halftone density
Resolution - pixal density
300 = "continuous Tone Art"
600 = B&W lineart (either black or white no gray tones)
Roset is the pattern that is created when you use a 4 (c,m,y,b) process
Stochastic screening - inkjet printers - random ink patterns
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