Vocabulary List

List 1

Aperture:
an opening of light often in an optical system. For xample the value of the aperture determines the size of the opening in a amera that lets in light during exposure.

bit-depth:
A measurement of the number of colors a pixel in a digital image can assume; states how many bits each pixel is stored with. The more bits per color the higher bit-depth, the more possible colors. A regualr RGB-image has 3x8 bits =24 bits.

halftone dot:
The smallest unit that a screen consists of. all tones in print, both photgraphs and illustrations, are based on halftone dots.

halftone rosette:
Halftone screen phenomenon. many halftone dots form a circular pattern in the print which might be perceived as distracting.

continuous tone:
Tones with even, soft tonal transitions that don't consist of obvious tonal steps, asin the photography.

density:
A measure of the tonal range in a particular base material, for example the tonal range in four colors on a certain kind of paper or the tonal range in an original slide.

dot gain:
A measurement of the change in size of the halftone dot from film to print. Measured in percent.

contrast:
Difference in tone. an image with high contrast has a great difference in tone between the dark and bright areas.

hue:


Saturation:


tone range:
The same thing s density range. The magnitude of tones that can be created in a certain type of medium.

Opacity:


Engraving:
Technology for producing gravure pritns using physical pressure and a diamond-tipped head to create halftone wells.

etching:

Moire:
A screen phenomenon visible as distracting interference patterns in images and tint areas. a similar phenomenon occurs on T, for example when somoen is wearing a checkered suit.

Imposition:


Raster images:
pixals

Vector graphics;
Images based on contours of short, straight lines. Was previously used for fonts. The term is sometimes erroneously used for object graphics or bezier curves.

interpolation:
Technique for re-calculating informtaion in a digital image, for example when changing the resolution or rotating an image.

lLine art:
Line art are images that only consist of surfaces in full color or no color at all. The pixels in the image are either black or white.

overprint:
When, for example, a text is printed on a tint area and the colors of the two objects mix. The opposite phenomenon, in which the colors of the objects are not mixed is called knockout.

Process Color:
The colors you print with, usually CMYK

color bar:
a special color bar added when imposing and printing. you check the different printing parameters in the different fields of the color bar.

ink registration:
When all printing inks are situated correctly in relation to each other, for example component colors in a four-color print run or the inks on the recto and verso.

registration mark:
1 - A special registration makr on the print necessary to print the component colors of a multi-color print on top of each other as precisely as possible.
2- Term for all registration makrs and crop marks in the QuarkX-Press dialogue box for printout.

Bleed:
1 - Images or objects that are supposed to run all the way to the paper edge has to be printed with bleeds, i.e. be placed a bit overside the page format, around 5mm.

2 - images or objects placed across a two-page spread are called crossover bleeds. watch out when bleeds cross-over two separate sheets.

Bleed mark:


spot color:
printing inks of special colors, for example from the PMS system. Are generally used as a complement to black orto achieve an exact color four-color inks cannot provide. Are mixed according to a recipe.

stochastic screenb:
A screen method with varying distance between the halftone dots instead of size. also called FM screening.

xerography:
A dry printing process that ses the attracive forces of electric charges to transfer toner to paper. In used in copy machines and laser printers.

intaglio:


relief:


Planographic:


Offset Printing: